Oh, I wish I were an Oscar Mayer wiener…

Posted on July 13, 2011 by SCblogger

This Saturday, July 16th, is National Hot Dog Day, so it seems like a good time to profile one of Davenport’s largest employers, and its predecessor.

Henry Kohrs was born in Holstein, Germany on November 15, 1830. He immigrated to New York City in 1853, and came to Davenport Iowa on March 13, 1854. He worked as a clerk in a dry goods store, where he quickly learned the language and customs. By saving his earnings, he was able to open his own retail meat market in 1855, where he sold bologna and sausage. In 1875, he branched out into the lucrative business of packing and shipping meat.

The Kohrs Packing Company was known for their “Crown” brand of hams and bacon, which sold all over the Midwest. The company helped put Davenport on the map as a prominent shipping point for the west, as well as the center of many industries.

Henry Kohrs died on December 31, 1917 at the age of 87.

Henry Kohrs and company butcher shop at 76 W. 2nd St., ca. 1870s

In 1883, German immigrant Oscar F. Mayer opened a corner market on Sedwick Avenue, on the north side of Chicago. He, too, was successful and his business expanded rapidly.  They were the first to “brand” their wieners, using the the familiar yellow paper ring in 1929, to give them “personality,” which other companies’ products lacked at the time.

The Oscar Mayer Company bought the old Kohrs Packing plant in Davenport in 1946. Slaughtering facilities were becoming obsolete in Chicago, so most of the meat packers were moving to Iowa towns like Davenport, where improved shipping conditions made it possible to relocate closer to the supply source, Iowa pork.

The Oscar Mayer Company had to design and develop its own machinery and packing materials to fit their unique needs. They were co-owners, along with the Dow Chemical Company, of the Kartridg Pak Company in Davenport, which manufactured food processing and packaging machinery and aerosol filling equipment.

An example of the company’s ingenuity is the continuous wiener processing technique, which allowed them to process 36,000 wieners an hour and allowed for a higher degree of quality control. In 1949, they developed the “Chub” package, a durable, airtight plastic tube for liver sausage and other sandwich spreads. In 1950, the “Slice Pak” was the first vacuum-sealed package for meat products; it later became known as the “Serve ‘n Seal”. In 1960, Oscar Meyer developed the “Saran” package, a tough, crystal-clear, vacuum-sealed package, which helped protect against oxidation.

Oscar F. Mayer died on March 11, 1955 at the age of 95.

Visitors at Oscar Mayer plant during the Spring Market Hog Show, 1952

__________________________________________

Works Cited

Biographical History and Portrait Gallery of Scott County, Iowa. (Chicago, IL: American Biographical Publishing Company), 1895.

“Henry Kohrs, Pioneer Founded Big Packing Industry in Davenport.”  Davenport Democrat and Leader, 20 July 1924.

Koenig, Wallace. “Midwest Profits As Packers Move.” Davenport Daily Times , 10 July 1959, p. 4.

Mayer, Oscar. G., Jr. (1970). “Oscar Mayer & Co.: From Corner Store to National Processor.” National Meeting of the Newcomen Society in North America. (Chicago, IL: Princeton University Press), p. 24.

 (posted by Cristina)

 

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Have You Seen: Mrs. Millie Berger?

Posted on July 6, 2011 by SCblogger

Every so often, we’re going to post the image (and available information) of a person, place, or thing  about which we would like to know more.  We would like to invite you to take a good look, and if you have any information, to please share in the comments or through our website.   If the information is confirmed, we will do a follow up post and award you permanent bragging rights to your excellent sleuthing skills.

*****

It is a little-known, yet exciting historical fact that the Hostetler Photography Studios—from which the majority of our glass negatives originate—made house calls.

The studio, known for its portraiture, also photographed weddings, funerals, family reunions, and all manner of events inside people’s homes, providing glimpses of everyday life that even the most expensive backdrops can’t.

These on-site images can also provide clues to identifying the people photographed.

We hope.

In our collections are three wedding images labeled “Mrs. Millie Berger.” Two are of a mature bride and groom in what is presumably someone’s parlor or front room:

The other is of the reception and shows the wedding party and family—and a yummy-looking cake—in what was probably the dining room:

 

As far as we have been able to determine, the photographs were taken in 1913, but so far we have not been able to locate any further information.  We’re not even sure if Millie is the bride, the bride’s mother, or perhaps a member of the groom’s family.

If you recognize anyone in the wedding party or think you know where this house might be located, please let us know!

 

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Introducing America’s GenealogyBank

Posted on June 30, 2011 by SCblogger

We are pleased to announce that we’ve subscribed to another terrific online genealogy resource: America’s GenealogyBank.

This resource is user friendly—our staff enjoying experimenting with it!—and offers some keyword searching. Its five databases can help researchers find family members, verify deaths and provide personal information about the deceased, confirm genealogy information, and find close, living relatives.

GenealogyBank is divided into two sections. 

The Historical section includes Historical Newspapers (1690 – 1977), which encompassesfully searchable newspapers for small towns and big cities alike; Historical Books (1801-1900), which is a collection of over  eleven thousand printed items, including genealogies, biographies, funeral sermons, local histories, pamphlets, cards, and charts; and Historical Documents (1789-1980), which features casualty lists, Revolutionary and Civil War pension requests, widow’s claims, orphan petitions, land grants, American State Papers, genealogical information from the U.S. Serial Set, and other records..

The Modern section includes America’s Obituaries (1977-Current), which lists over 37 million obituaries from over two thousand newspapers; and the Social Security Death Index (1937-Current).

America’s GenealogyBank is now available on every public workstation at all three Davenport library locations.  http://www.davenportlibrary.com/Page/Hours_Locations.aspx?nt=111

Why not come in for a test drive?

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One hundred years ago: Davenport High School, Class of 1911

Posted on June 23, 2011 by SCblogger

In June of this year, around 970 students graduated from our three Davenport high schools.

In contrast, ninety-two students received their diplomas from Davenport High School in June of 1911. This marked the first time that graduates from both semesters were placed in a single class.

At the time, the high school offered four different courses of study: Latin (for students who wished to pursue an academic course at college), Science (for students who desired to enter a technical school/college, or for those who wished full work in science and math), German (much like the Latin course, but with four years of German) and Commercial (preparation for business pursuits).

Some of the graduates were later photographed by J. B. Hostetler in the 1910s, and we were able to locate their portraits in our Photograph Collection.  Here, then, are a few of the lovely ladies of the class of 1911:

Velma Delano, daughter of Isaac and Martha Delano, was a graduate of the Latin Course. She married Alvin Anderson in Scott County on March 21, 1917.

Velma F. Delano

Velma Delano, ca. 1914

 

Helen Grace Mosenfelder, daughter of Eli and Millie Mosenfelder, graduated from the Latin Course. She married Rueben Wines in Scott County on January 15, 1915.

Helen Grace Mosenfelder

Helen Mosenfelder, ca. 1910

 

Helen Josephine Kohn, daughter of Max and Julia Kohn, also graduated from the Latin Course. She married David Gottlieb in Scott County on April 8, 1913.

Helen Josephine Kohn

Helen Kohn, ca. 1913

 

Clara Louise Hass, daughter of John and Emma Hass, graduated from the German Course. She married Walter Kruse in Scott County on June  2, 1917.

Clara Louise Hass

Clara L. Hass, ca. 1912

 

And Jennica Guldner, daughter of Fred and Christina Guldner, graduated from the Commercial Course. She Married Clarence E. Stage in Scott County on February 6, 1915.

Jennica Olive Guldner

Jennica Guldner, ca. 1915

 

____
Sources Used:

Davenport Democrat & Leader. “1911 High School Class is large.” 19June1911: 10.

Davenport High School: Outlines of the courses of study 1916. (Davenport, Iowa: High School Press), 1916.

(posted by Cristina)

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Summer is here!

Posted on June 21, 2011 by SCblogger

And about time, too.

Summer river outing, ca. 1890s

This image shows nineteen people and one brave little boat sitting pretty low in the water, on a “Summer River Outing”, 1890’s style.

This 4 x 6 inch postcard is part of our photograph collection and was donated to the Davenport Public Library by the Franciscan Sisters in 1990.

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Summit Cemetery: Memories of a Rural Past

Posted on June 16, 2011 by SCblogger

It catches the eye.  Nestled amongst more elaborate headstones in Summit Cemetery is a small wooden grave marker.  It is simply engraved “Lena Smith 1915 – 1932.”  One cannot walk by, but feels the need to stop and ponder about this young girl and her simple monument as the smell of corn from the nearby fields drifts in the air.   

Located on the corner of Utica Ridge Road and Blackhawk Trail this small piece of land contains not only the cemetery, but historic Summit Church as well.  Built in 1858 – 1859, this building is a reminder of the small country churches that once dotted the local landscape.  Once known as the Summit Presbyterian Church it is owned and maintained today by the Scott County Historical Society. 

It feels as though a church service could begin at any moment (regular services ended in 1972).  One can picture in the mind’s eye the sanctuary windows open to allow the summer breeze to flow through the room.  Listening to the sermon, a glance out of the windows on the right side of the church would provide a picturesque view of farms and growing fields while the view from the left would be a reminder of the past as the headstones of the cemetery gleam white and black against the green of the trees and fields nearby.

In the midst of all the white and black headstones is that of Lena Smith.  The wood of her marker a dull gray with green summer moss and cracks marring its surface but not hiding the name and date so deeply cut into its face. 

We have learned through research that Lena was the second of seven children born to Dawson and Laura Smith.   In the 1930 census it is recorded that Lena lived on a farm with her parents and siblings in Allen’s Grove Township in Scott County.  The Daily Democrat and Leader published a small article on her death on August 19, 1932.  17 year old Lena had been ill for two weeks before passing away at noon on that day.  She had been born and reared in Scott County and was a student at Davenport High School.  Arrangements were pending.

A glance at the Davenport High School yearbook for 1932 does not show Lena as a member of that year’s graduating class.  During that time period only graduating seniors were pictured.  She cannot be found in any of the activity or club photos either. 

Only Lena is buried in Summit Cemetery.  Her family appears to have moved outside the area within a year or two of her death.  We currently do not know where they relocated. 

Summit and other rural cemeteries are wonderful places to explore.  A small adventure while enjoying the beauty of our area and remembering those who came before us.

If you would like to explore Summit Church and Cemetery an opportunity exists as the Scott County Historical Society will hold its annual Ice Cream Social and Fundraiser at the site on Wednesday, July 20th from 5:00 – 7:00 p.m.  Please see our Blog Calendar of Events for more information.

It is a wonder in some ways that Lena’s small wooden marker still stands so strong with the intense weather changes our area experiences every year.  In 2012 Lena’s marker will have stood in Summit Cemetery for 80 years marking a life that ended far too young.   

(Photo by Amy Driskill)

(posted by Amy D.)

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New Feature: Have You Seen . . . ?

Posted on June 8, 2011 by SCblogger

One of our ongoing projects is to scan and research each image in our photograph collections.   Most of the time, this is relatively (no pun intended) easy.

The majority of our Hostetler glass negatives, for example, came with an original envelope that usually included the name of the person who ordered the images  (but who may not necessarily be the person in the image).  We take this name—plus any other information on the envelope, the dress, apparent age, and props of the photograph subjects, and the approximate dates of the images in the same carton—and use our genealogical and historical resources to find out more about the person(s)  in the picture.

Much of this effort can be viewed at the Upper Mississippi Valley Digital Image Archive.

But sometimes, despite our best efforts,  “no definitive information” can be located.

So we’ve decided to try a new feature:  Have You Seen . . . ?

Every so often, we’re going to post the image (and available information) of a person, place, or thing  about which we would like to know more.  We would like to invite you to take a good look, and if you have any information, to please share in the comments or through our website.   If the information is confirmed, we will do a follow up post and award you permanent bragging rights to your excellent sleuthing skills.

Our first subject today a mother and child who had their photograph taken by the Hostetler Studio in Davenport, Iowa, mostly likely between 1900 and 1910.   The negatives were numbered  x1178 by the studio and labeled Cabel, Don:

There are four negatives of mother and child.  We’ve cropped and enlarged one of them to feature the faces:

Does anyone recognize the mother, the christening blanket, facial features, or some other detail?  We would love to know!

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“One of the grandest soldiers the North had . . . “

Posted on May 30, 2011 by SCblogger

While we take the time to remember and honor  the men and women of our armed forces who have fought to keep our country and people safe, it seems fitting that we also remember those civilians who have fought to keep them safe.

 

Hiram Price was born on 10 January 1814 in Washington County, Pennsylvania. He and his wife, Susan Betts Price, whom he married in 1834, moved their family to Davenport in 1844. They built their first home on Front Street (now River Drive) between Brady and Perry Streets.*

Mr. Price, a banker by trade, was a civic-minded man—and possibly one of the busiest men in the history of Davenport, Scott County, or Iowa. He was appointed the Scott County School Fund Commissioner in 1847, the Scott County Recorder and Treasurer in 1848, and was elected to the Davenport City Council in 1852.  He held all of these posts until 1856, during which time he also assisted in drafting Iowa’s first Prohibition bill, which became law, briefly, in 1854, and was editor of the Temperance Organ. 

After the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, which was viewed by Price and many others as an attempt to establish slavery in the north, he left the Democratic Party and helped establish the newly created Republican Party in Iowa.  In 1859, he became the president of the State Bank of Iowa.

When the Civil War began in 1861, Hiram Price assisted in raising the money to enable Governor Kirkwood to equip the first 2 Iowa regiments. He was an advocate of the most energetic war measures and of legislation to strengthen the credit of the Government.  Soon, he was appointed Paymaster of the State of Iowa, and fought to not only send regular paychecks to the Iowa Volunteer soldiers, but to equip them with the basic necessities.  While acting as Paymaster, he made the acquaintance of Annie Wittenmyer, the first female Sanitation Agent in Iowa.  Later, Mr. Price was instrumental in the founding of the Iowa Soldiers Orphans Home.

In 1863, Mr. Price was elected to his first term as a United States Representative, where he argued in favor of the proposed Bureau of Freeman’s Affairs. He was reelected for a second term in 1866, and in his acceptance letter, stated:

 “We who are styled ‘radicals’ seek to make all men equal before the law, to give all men in every State equal rights and equal protection, so that in the future any person may travel from one State to another conscious that wherever the American flag floats he will be secure in person and property. Heretofore this has not been so. We seek to crystallize into a fact the theory of the past, that ‘all men are created equal’. We wish to re-enact the Declaration of Independence so that all men everywhere shall understand and know that is means what is says.”

After the War ended, Mr. Price did not visibly slow down.  Already the secretary of the Mississippi & Missouri Railroad since 1869, in 1873, he became the president of the First National Bank of Davenport as well.  Five years later, he was elected again to the House of Representatives, after which, in 1881, he was appointed the United Stated Commissioner of Indian Affairs. 

Before he left Davenport for Washington, DC, he provided funds for a free reading room in the public library of Davenport.

Hiram Price died on May 30, 1901—Memorial Day— in DC and was buried in Oakdale Cemetery in Davenport, Iowa.  His obituary reads, in part:

“Mr. Price never bore arms, was never in the ranks of the men who followed the flag, but he was one of the grandest soldiers the North had in the struggle for the preservation of the Union. He was one of the stay-at-homes who made it possible for other men to go to the front. From his own means and the credit he could command, Hiram Price quartered and subsisted some 5,000 Iowa boys who had volunteered for the infantry and cavalry armies. He was not thinking so seriously about payment as he was of getting boots and blankets within reach of the foot-sore and shivering volunteers.”

—Davenport Democrat 31 May 1901, p.4

____

*The house was later known as the Peck Home.

____

Sources:

Biographical history and portrait gallery of Scott County, Iowa. (Chicago: American Biographical Publishing Company), 1895.

Downer, Harry E. History of Davenport and Scott County, Iowa. (Chicago: S. J. Clarke), 1910. Vol. 2.

“Hiram Price, Davenport statesman and patriot is gone.” The Davenport Democrat, 31 May 1901, p. 4

“Memorial Day sorrow.” The Davenport Democrat, 30 May 1901, p.3

“Mr. Price at rest.” The Davenport Democrat, 3 June 1901, p. 4.

Price, Hiram. “Letter of Acceptance.” A printed letter to some of my friends (Washington, 1889).

 

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The Davenport Glucose Works

Posted on May 25, 2011 by SCblogger

Corn, as everyone knows, isn’t just for eating on the cob.  The possibilities for corn products appear to be endless:  ethanol, plastics, liquors, starches, packing material, fabrics—and of course, corn syrups.

It seems like corn syrup has been part of our lives, and certainly the methods of extracting sugar from various starches has been around for centuries, though there was little commercial market for starch sugars in America until 1900, as real sugar wasn’t widely used nor prohibitively expensive. 

But in the mid-1800s, a Davenport man, Henry G. Weinert , started to experiment with making cornstarch sugars profitable.    He and his business partners, convinced some generous local gentlemen—including George L’oste Davenport— to invest, and built a large factory on Rockingham Road, just west of the City Cemetery.  The Davenport Glucose Works opened on May 26, 1873.

The Glucose Works was not an immediate success.  As the Davenport Democrat commented, “It was all a sort of charity donation to an inventive genius.” 

But in 1874, The Glucose Works hired Louis P. Best, who had experience in the European methods of manufacturing  glucose.  With his help, the Works became a thriving business that started to make an actual profit—over 1,157,200 pounds of grape sugar and 151,518 of glucose were produced in 1876, making the company an estimated $45,000 in sales, not including the money made by selling the refuse for cattle feed.   (Feb 12, 1877, p. 4)

The company was so confident that in 1877, it asked the shareholders to double their investments.  The company wished to enlarge the factory and “enter upon the manufacture of the best quality of glucose for confectioners’ use, and of the first grade of table syrup.”  The investors responded favorably and by the next year, the faithful (and longsuffering) stockholders were rewarded with dividends at 5%.

Things were looking up.  Until the fire.

On July 17, 1879, just after it had reopened after extensive renovations, the Glucose Works burned to the ground.  The fire was reported to have started in the shelling room , but it soon spread so quickly and with such heat that the fourth floor windows exploded, warning people on the street almost before the employees knew what was happening.  

All the fire companies of Davenport fought the blaze, but it was no use. The corn shelter, the old factories, the main factory, the boiler house, the blacksmith shop, the materials and the machinery were all destroyed.  Four people lost their lives, two from the fire itself, and two from a sixty-foot fall—John Hamm and John Raap, had fled the flames to the roof of one building, which collapsed underneath them.

Babcock & Snider, the Work’s insurance agent, estimated the fire at $52,400 damage.   The stockholders met and decided unanimously to rebuild.  Later that year, a special switch was added to the Chicago, Rock Island, and Pacific Railroad line to accommodate the factory’s shipping needs.  Soon, all the former employees of the factory were back working at what was now called the Glucose Sugar Refining Company.

Business boomed.  The company expanded across the country, and changed its name to the Corn Products Company, which in 1915, was reported to have 500 employees processing up to 20,000 bushels of corn per day.  

Everything looked to be smooth sailing.  Until the Federal Court in New York ruled that the company was a trust and ordered that a certain number of properties were to be sold.

In 1920, the old glucose factory at 1705 Rockingham Road was offered in a public action.  Its buildings were purchased by the  Nichols Wire company, the American Cotton Oil Company, and a few private citizens. 

But fate wasn’t finished with the Old Glucose Works. 

On March 29, 1922, a fire, set off by machinery sparks or a stray piece of superheated metal, razed the property, causing a quarter of a million dollars worth of damage and setting off a lawsuit that lasted three years, sending several of the owners in bankruptcy.

Today, nothing remains of the Davenport Glucose Works, one of Davenport’s most lucrative and tenacious businesses.

____

Sources:

Davenport Daily Gazette, March 19, 1878, p.4

Davenport Daily Gazette, July 17, 1879, p. 4

Davenport Daily Gazette, July 18, 1879, p. 4

Davenport Democrat, June 5, 1923, p. 11

Davenport Democrat, October 8, 1955, p. 44

Downer, Harry E.  History of Davenport and Scott County, Iowa,  1915, volume 1.

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Remembering Police Officer James W. Means

Posted on May 17, 2011 by SCblogger

Grave of James W. Means in Oakdale Memorial Gardens, Davenport, Iowa. Photo by Amy D.

James Wilson Means was born in Pennsylvania around 1824, reared and married in Ohio, and then settled in Davenport around 1855 with his young family.  By the spring of 1883, Mr. Means was a respected officer with the Davenport Police Department. 

Early in the morning on May 17, 1883 Officer Means was patrolling the dusty streets of downtown.  Passing by a saloon on the corner of Fifth and Perry Streets,  he encountered and arrested an intoxicated man by the name of John McAuliffe.  The pair began to walk the two blocks to the police station on the corner of Fifth and Main Streets. 

One block away from the station, at the corner of Fifth and Brady, Mr. McAuliffe, who was not wearing handcuffs, grabbed part of an iron fence and refused to let go.  A scuffle ensued and grocer Ed Moore, who was walking nearby,  heard the two men struggling.  He ran to the police department and alerted Officer E. A. Tilebein of the commotion.

As Mr. Moore was on his way to the police department for help, Officer Means finally pried Mr. McAuliffe off the iron fence and they once again began to walk toward the station.  But after only a few feet, Officer Means collapsed on the street.  Saloon owner P. J. Smith saw Officer Means fall and ran to the police department for assistance. 

According to witnesses, Mr. McAuliffe looked down at Officer Means before turning and walking up Brady Street.  Several business owners and pedestrians rushed to assist Officer Means.  Officer Tilebein arrived, instructed those nearby to call a doctor and went in pursuit of Mr. McAuliffe.  He was caught one block away and quickly taken to the police station*.

As more officers arrived, the stricken man was carried back to the station on a stretcher.  The doctor arrived quickly, but Officer Means died before reaching the station.   An autopsy was performed and the cornor concluded that heart disease or a heart attack was the cause of death.

The city went into mourning. 

Mrs. Elizabeth Means, his wife of thirty-five years, was called home from a daughter’s out of town residence where she had been visiting.  She was joined by their four children at the family home at 219 East Twelfth Street where the funeral took place the following afternoon.

During the years he had lived in Davenport, Mr. Means had served as City Marshal,** as a member of the Board of Supervisors of Scott County, as a private watchman, a special policeman, and an officer with the Davenport Police Department.  He was also a member of the former Fire King Volunteer Engine Company, State Lodge of United Workers, and Davenport Lodge of Odd Fellows.   His  funeral was well attended by citizens, police departments, and fraternal and volunteer organizations. 

After religious services in his home, Mr. Means’ coffin was escorted by family and a large procession to Oakdale Memorial Cemetery.  The escort was headed by Davenport Police Chief Kessler, Marshal Miller of Rock Island, and Marshal Kittleson of Moline. Following behind these officials were every available officer from the Davenport, Rock Island, and Moline Police Departments.  Members of Mr. Means’ various fraternal and volunteer organizations brought up the rear.

 The procession walked from Brady Street, to Locust Street, to Grand Avenue where everyone boarded street cars bound for Oakdale Cemetery.  Once at Oakdale, the funeral concluded with burial and honors by the Odd Fellowship and the order of United Workman.*

Marker at grave of James W. Means in Oakdale Memorial Gardens, Davenport, Iowa. Photo by Amy D.

Officer Means was not the first, nor the last, officer to die while on duty at the Davenport Police Department.  While his death was health related, we remember Officer Means and all the officers who have given of themselves for our safety and protection during National Police Week 2011 (May 15 – 21).

Davenport Police Officers Killed in the Line of Duty:

Police Officer Emil Arthur Speth – Died January 26, 1917

Police Officer Bernard Herman Geerts – Died July 16, 1928

Detective Sergeant William Hans Jurgens – Died July 16, 1958

Police Officer Michael Lee Farnsworth – Died December 5, 1971 

_____

*The Davenport Daily Gazette, May 22, 1883 on Pg. 6 noted that Chief Kessler had released Mr. McAuliffe on Friday, May 18th.  Kessler felt the “…sad circumstances surrounding the case were sufficient to impress him deeper than any legal punishment.”  Mr. McAuliffe was reported to be from rural Wilton, Iowa.  A town not to far from Davenport.  He was not known to have been in any trouble with the police before the morning of May 17th.

**In 1862

The above information was acquired from the Davenport Daily Gazette & the Davenport Democrat newspapers dated May 17, 18 & 19, 1883.

(posted by Amy D.)

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